@miseds dan repost
#Lesson14
1. Verbal noun
Ah, the verbal noun. This is a beauty. Perhaps my second favourite thing in Irish, after relative clauses.
(i) Positive
Here the verbal noun is just used by itself. It can used to convey the infinitive in Irish (as well as other things, but we won't talk about those yet)>
Ní an gasúr in an léamh -- The child can't read
Tá mé sásta pósadh
Three of them: goil (go), tíocht/teacht (come) and bheith (be) are proceeded by "a" whhich lenites. "Tá sé in ann a thíocht" (he is able to come). It's unstressed and easily disappears in native speech.
(ii) Negative:
Here, you just use "gan" before it.
Tá mé sásta gan pósadh -- I am happy not to marry.
(iii) Direct object
If the infinitive would have a direct object in English, it comes __before__ the verbal noun in Irish, followed by an unstressed "a" (though in the book I'm reading this "a" is often dropped".
Tá mé sásta iasc a ithe -- I am happy to eat fish
(iv) Usage of ordinary noun
And, since these are all nouns, they can be used as such.
Ceol agus ól -- Music and drinking
2. Seo, sin, siúd 'this here/that there is'
(i) Statement
Seo/sin/siúd can be used as a copular phrase. You need to use "é/í" before a definite article, as usual. It's an implied copula.
"Sin cathaoir"
"Sin í chathaoir"
(ii) -- (vi) Negation and questions, indirect speech, and 'if'clauses
In the negative and questions for you use take off the "s". h is prefixed after "ní"
Ab 'in cathaoir? - Is that a chair?
(vi) Particular expressions
Some of these fixed expressions use é regardless of noun gender.
(v) Summary table
Just look at this and learn it
1. Verbal noun
Ah, the verbal noun. This is a beauty. Perhaps my second favourite thing in Irish, after relative clauses.
(i) Positive
Here the verbal noun is just used by itself. It can used to convey the infinitive in Irish (as well as other things, but we won't talk about those yet)>
Ní an gasúr in an léamh -- The child can't read
Tá mé sásta pósadh
Three of them: goil (go), tíocht/teacht (come) and bheith (be) are proceeded by "a" whhich lenites. "Tá sé in ann a thíocht" (he is able to come). It's unstressed and easily disappears in native speech.
(ii) Negative:
Here, you just use "gan" before it.
Tá mé sásta gan pósadh -- I am happy not to marry.
(iii) Direct object
If the infinitive would have a direct object in English, it comes __before__ the verbal noun in Irish, followed by an unstressed "a" (though in the book I'm reading this "a" is often dropped".
Tá mé sásta iasc a ithe -- I am happy to eat fish
(iv) Usage of ordinary noun
And, since these are all nouns, they can be used as such.
Ceol agus ól -- Music and drinking
2. Seo, sin, siúd 'this here/that there is'
(i) Statement
Seo/sin/siúd can be used as a copular phrase. You need to use "é/í" before a definite article, as usual. It's an implied copula.
"Sin cathaoir"
"Sin í chathaoir"
(ii) -- (vi) Negation and questions, indirect speech, and 'if'clauses
In the negative and questions for you use take off the "s". h is prefixed after "ní"
Ab 'in cathaoir? - Is that a chair?
(vi) Particular expressions
Some of these fixed expressions use é regardless of noun gender.
(v) Summary table
Just look at this and learn it