@miseds dan repost
#Lesson9
1. Plural of definite article.
The plural of the definite article is . It's unstressed and used with all nouns in the plural. If a noun starting with a vowel follows it, you add .
na máthaireachaí
na haithaireachaí
2. Disjunctive pronouns
(i) Usage: Basically, when used as an object, these pronmial forms are used. They're also used for the copula, which will be explained later.
Tú = thú
Sé = é
Sí = í
Siad = iad
The contrastive/emphatic forms are shown as well in the book.
(ii) Word Order:
Read here and just look at samples. Object pronouns in Irish are actually pretty free moving, but they sound more natural at the end of the clause.
3. Use of "féin" (self)
(i) Emphasis: It can be used for emphasis. "Tá mé féin go dona' (--I-- am bad). This is something I see learners miss often, thinking that they can just stress the word as English does for emphasis.
(ii)
It can be used for emphasis after a contrastive form or after a noun. See the samples. Similar to saying "Are you yourself well?"
(iii) Reflexive use:
It's basically like the 'xself' in English. "Cloisim mé féin" - I hear myself.
4. Compound Subject or Object.
Just read the notes here about when to use what and what order.
5. The adjectives *seo*, *sin*, *úd/siúd*
(i) Use with nouns
These correspond to determiners in English. The definite article is used with them - An bhean sin -- That woman. They correspond to "anseo", "ansin" and "ansiúd", though "úd" is more natural after a noun, over "siúd". The correspondence is like "this", "that", and "that" (further away).
(ii) With third person
Just look at the examples here to see them used as a subject. These are very common forms in speech.
1. Plural of definite article.
The plural of the definite article is . It's unstressed and used with all nouns in the plural. If a noun starting with a vowel follows it, you add .
na máthaireachaí
na haithaireachaí
2. Disjunctive pronouns
(i) Usage: Basically, when used as an object, these pronmial forms are used. They're also used for the copula, which will be explained later.
Tú = thú
Sé = é
Sí = í
Siad = iad
The contrastive/emphatic forms are shown as well in the book.
(ii) Word Order:
Read here and just look at samples. Object pronouns in Irish are actually pretty free moving, but they sound more natural at the end of the clause.
3. Use of "féin" (self)
(i) Emphasis: It can be used for emphasis. "Tá mé féin go dona' (--I-- am bad). This is something I see learners miss often, thinking that they can just stress the word as English does for emphasis.
(ii)
It can be used for emphasis after a contrastive form or after a noun. See the samples. Similar to saying "Are you yourself well?"
(iii) Reflexive use:
It's basically like the 'xself' in English. "Cloisim mé féin" - I hear myself.
4. Compound Subject or Object.
Just read the notes here about when to use what and what order.
5. The adjectives *seo*, *sin*, *úd/siúd*
(i) Use with nouns
These correspond to determiners in English. The definite article is used with them - An bhean sin -- That woman. They correspond to "anseo", "ansin" and "ansiúd", though "úd" is more natural after a noun, over "siúd". The correspondence is like "this", "that", and "that" (further away).
(ii) With third person
Just look at the examples here to see them used as a subject. These are very common forms in speech.